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Worksheet on ‘The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction’ by Walter Benjamin

Worksheet Instruction: Answer the following questions; discuss in two sentences each. A worksheet for my Media Theory class for the lecture on Ideology as Instrumental Rationality and the Walter Benjamin essay "The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction" 1.      Why does aura wither in the age of mechanical reproduction? (p. 21) Aura withers in the age of mechanical reproduction because when an original gets reproduced, “the copies become detached to the domain of tradition.” By making many reproductions of the original, the process leads to

Old-school Film Editing Machines: Moviola and Steenbeck

Before there was film-editing software, there was old-school film editing using the Moviola and the Steenbeck. Before the dawn of non-linear editing suites where filmmakers started using computer software such as Avid, Final Cut Pro, Adobe Premiere, and Sony Vegas, editors used the Moviola or the Steenbeck, now referred to as "old school film editing machines." During their times, the use of these editing machines was required for any film shot in 8mm, 16mm, or 35mm film. Prior to the actual

Film Speed: Understanding the technical side of filmmaking

Knowing the basics of film photography is a step towards understanding how the technical side of filmmaking works. In fact, even those preferring to go digital all the way can benefit much with the knowledge of film photography. Whether using 35mm, 16mm, or 8mm film cameras or high-definition (HD) cameras, the very concept of producing moving images is actually the same. Even the use of film speed, which originated from film photography and cinematography, is also used in digital cameras as part

How to transfer old super 8mm film to video format

Decades ago, Super 8mm film became a popular option when shooting independent and home movies. If you, your parents, grandparents, or friends have old movies in this format, you can transfer them to digital video format for viewing and archiving purposes. If you prioritize technical quality over affordability, it is best to spend more money for a professional transfer through a company specializing on film-to-video transfer services. However, if you want a more practical way to do it, you simply need

Filmmaking: Using the 35mm Format in Film Production

For the longest time, 35mm was the standard format used for motion-picture production worldwide. 35mm film is the basic film gauge most commonly used for motion picture production and exhibition. Interestingly, this film stock has considerably remained unchanged since its introduction more than a century ago. While other film gauges such as the 8mm, 16mm, and 70mm became widely available during different time frames of motion picture history, 35mm film has truly passed the test of time of being the standard format

Filmmaking: Using the 16mm format in Film Production

16mm is an economical film Format used for motion-picture production 16mm film is a popular and economical film gauge mainly used for student and independent films and commercial productions mainly meant for non-theatrical releases. 16mm film literally refers to the width of the film, similar to the film gauges of 8mm film which is narrower than 16mm, and the 35mm, 65mm, and 70mm films which are wider than 16mm. Launched by Eastman Kodak in 1923, the 16mm film format provided a less

How to transfer film to video

Archive your 35mm, 16mm and 8mm films to digital video; watch them in DVD or project them in HD format. Some decades ago, there were no Blu-ray discs, no DVDs, not even VHS and Betamax tapes. There was a time that shooting on 35mm, 16mm and 8mm films was not just for filmmakers. 8mm films documenting family memories were widely used. And your parents and grandparents may have these film collections until now. When transferring film to video, the film needs to

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